技术分享|sysbench 压测工具用法浅析

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介绍

新业务上线的时候通常需要对数据库性能进行压力测试，以确认是否满足需要，今天简单介绍下sysbench的用法：

• 1.sysbench 是一个开源跨平台的多线程性能测试工具。
• 2.可以用来进行 CPU、内存、磁盘IO、线程、数据库的性能测试。
• 3.目前支持的数据库是 MySQL、Oracle 和 PostgreSQL。

安装

1.YUM 安装

curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/akopytov/sysbench/script.rpm.sh | sudo bash
sudo yum -y install sysbench

2.安装完成后会有一些 lua 脚本

[root@mgr1 src]# ll /usr/share/sysbench/
total 132
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1452 May  8  2020 bulk_insert.lua
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14369 May  8  2020 oltp_common.lua
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1290 May  8  2020 oltp_delete.lua
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  2415 May  8  2020 oltp_insert.lua
......

3.部分lua脚本说明

• insert.lua 单值插入数据
• bulk_inert.lua 批量插入数据
• delete.lua 删除数据
• select.lua 简单主键查询
• oltp.lua 混合读写测试

用法

1.sysbench 常用参数

sysbench [general-options]... --test= [test-options]... command
--num-threads=N           # 创建测试线程的数，默认为1.
--max-requests=N          # 请求的最大数目，默认为10000，0 代表不限制。
--max-time=N              # 最大执行时间，单位是s。默认是0,不限制。
--forced-shutdown=STRING  # 超过 max-time 的时候会强制中断。默认是off。
--thread-stack-size=SIZE  # 每个线程的堆栈大小。默认是32K。
--init-rng=[on|off]       # 在测试开始时是否初始化随机数发生器。默认是off。
--test=STRING             # 指定测试项目名称。
--debug=[on|off]          # 是否显示更多的调试信息。默认是off。
--validate=[on|off]       # 在可能情况下执行验证检查。默认是off。
--version=[on|off]        # 版本信息。
--help=[on|off]           # 帮助信息。

2.可以测试的项目

fileio # IO 
cpu -  # CPU        
memory # 内存
threads # 线程
mutex # 互斥性能
oltp # 数据库，事务处理

3.各个测试项目查看帮助

# IO
sysbench  --test=fileio help
# CPU
sysbench  --test=cpu help
# 内存
sysbench  --test=memory help
# 线程
sysbench  --test=threads help
# 互斥性能
sysbench  --test=mutex help
# 事务处理
sysbench --test=oltp help

4.测试阶段

prepare：测试前准备工作，例如为fileis测试在磁盘上创建必要的文件，为OLTP测试准备测试数据
run：执行完整的测试，必须指定–-test选项
cleanup：测试结束后删除数据

三、测试

3.1 文件IO测试

磁盘IO性能测试，主要查看请求数(request)和总体的吞吐量(total)。

[root@mgr1 src]# sysbench --test=fileio --num-threads=4 --file-total-size=1G --file-test-mode=rndrw prepare
sysbench 0.4.12.10:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

128 files, 8192Kb each, 1024Mb total
Creating files for the test...
Extra file open flags: 0
Reusing existing file test_file.0
Reusing existing file test_file.1
Reusing existing file test_file.2
Reusing existing file test_file.127
No bytes written.

[root@mgr1 src]# sysbench --test=fileio --num-threads=4 --file-total-size=1G --file-test-mode=rndrw run
sysbench 0.4.12.10:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 4
Random number generator seed is 0 and will be ignored


Extra file open flags: 0
128 files, 8Mb each
1Gb total file size
Block size 16Kb
Number of random requests for random IO: 10000
Read/Write ratio for combined random IO test: 1.50
Periodic FSYNC enabled, calling fsync() each 100 requests.
Calling fsync() at the end of test, Enabled.
Using synchronous I/O mode
Doing random r/w test
Threads started!
Done.

Operations performed:  6000 reads, 4000 writes, 12800 Other = 22800 Total
Read 93.75Mb  Written 62.5Mb  Total transferred 156.25Mb  (6.3811Mb/sec)
  408.39 Requests/sec executed

General statistics:
    total time:                          24.4863s
    total number of events:              10000
    total time taken by event execution: 0.1070
    response time:
         min:                                  0.00ms
         avg:                                  0.01ms
         max:                                 13.36ms
         approx.  95 percentile:               0.01ms

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           2500.0000/526.25
    execution time (avg/stddev):   0.0267/0.01

3.2、CPU测试

CPU测试计算质数直到某个最大值所需要的时间，主要方法是进行素数的加法运算，在下面的例子中，指定了最大的素数为 10000

[root@mgr1 src]# sysbench --test=cpu --cpu-max-prime=10000 run
sysbench 0.4.12.10:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Random number generator seed is 0 and will be ignored

Doing CPU performance benchmark

Primer numbers limit: 10000

Threads started!
Done.

General statistics:
    total time:                          10.7192s
    total number of events:              10000
    total time taken by event execution: 10.7031
    response time:
         min:                                  0.90ms
         avg:                                  1.07ms
         max:                                 10.32ms
         approx.  95 percentile:               1.30ms

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           10000.0000/0.00
    execution time (avg/stddev):   10.7031/0.00

3.3 线程测试

• --thread-yields=N 每个请求产生多少个线程。默认是1000
• --thread-locks=N 每个线程的锁的数量。默认是8

[root@mgr1 src]# sysbench --test=threads --num-threads=32 --thread-yields=48 --thread-locks=2 run
sysbench 0.4.12.10:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 32
Random number generator seed is 0 and will be ignored

Doing thread subsystem performance test
Thread yields per test: 48 Locks used: 2
Threads started!
Done.

General statistics:
    total time:                          2.0646s
    total number of events:              10000
    total time taken by event execution: 66.0149
    response time:
         min:                                  0.03ms
         avg:                                  6.60ms
         max:                                 69.03ms
         approx.  95 percentile:              24.01ms

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           312.5000/22.72
    execution time (avg/stddev):   2.0630/0.00

3.4 内存测试

• 测试内存连续读写性能

[root@mgr1 src]# sysbench --test=memory --memory-block-size=8k --memory-total-size=1G run
sysbench 0.4.12.10:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark
Operations performed: 1310720 (216525.32 ops/sec)
10140.00 MB transferred (2097.85 MB/sec)
Test execution summary:
total time:                          3.6055s
total number of events:              1410720
total time taken by event execution: 201.0560
per-request statistics:
min:                                  0.00ms
avg:                                  0.16ms
max:                               1071.04ms
approx.  95 percentile:               0.02ms
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev):           12107.2000/3870.38
execution time (avg/stddev):   2.0506/0.28

3.5 OLTP 测试

• 测试事务处理数，和读写数

# prepare准备数据
[root@mgr1 src]# sysbench --test=oltp --mysql-table-engine=InnoDB --oltp-table-size=1000000 --mysql-socket=/data/GreatSQL/mysql.sock --mysql-user=root --mysql-password=GreatSQL --mysql-db=test prepare
sysbench 0.4.12.10:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

No DB drivers specified, using mysql
Creating table 'sbtest'...
Creating 1000000 records in table 'sbtest'...

# 正式run测试
[root@mgr1 src]# sysbench --test=oltp --mysql-table-engine=InnoDB --oltp-table-size=1000000 --mysql-socket=/data/GreatSQL/mysql.sock --mysql-user=root --mysql-password=GreatSQL --mysql-db=test run
sysbench 0.4.12.10:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

No DB drivers specified, using mysql
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Random number generator seed is 0 and will be ignored


Doing OLTP test.
Running mixed OLTP test
Using Special distribution (12 iterations,  1 pct of values are returned in 75 pct cases)
Using "BEGIN" for starting transactions
Using auto_inc on the id column
Maximum number of requests for OLTP test is limited to 10000
Using 1 test tables
Threads started!
Done.

OLTP test statistics:
    queries performed:
        read:                            140000
        write:                           40000
        other:                           20000
        total:                           200000
    transactions:                        10000  (27.65 per sec.)
    deadlocks:                           0      (0.00 per sec.)
    read/write requests:                 180000 (497.67 per sec.)
    other operations:                    20000  (55.30 per sec.)

General statistics:
    total time:                          361.6868s
    total number of events:              10000
    total time taken by event execution: 361.5698
    response time:
         min:                                 18.73ms
         avg:                                 36.16ms
         max:                                283.84ms
         approx.  95 percentile:              63.45ms

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           10000.0000/0.00
    execution time (avg/stddev):   361.5698/0.00


# 删除 sbtest 测试表
[root@mgr1 src]# sysbench --test=oltp --mysql-table-engine=InnoDB --oltp-table-size=1000000 --mysql-socket=/data/GreatSQL/mysql.sock --mysql-user=root --mysql-password=GreatSQL --mysql-db=test cleanup
sysbench 0.4.12.10:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

No DB drivers specified, using mysql
Dropping table 'sbtest'...
Done.

Enjoy GreatSQL :)

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