Golang构建HTTPAPI教程详解

package main

import (
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    // 注册路由
    http.HandleFunc("/hello", helloHandler)
    http.HandleFunc("/data", dataHandler)

    // 启动服务器
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "net/http"
)

type Response struct {
    Message string `json:"message"`
    Status  int    `json:"status"`
}

func helloHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    if r.Method != "GET" {
        http.Error(w, "Method not allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
        return
    }

    resp := Response{Message: "Hello from Go!", Status: 200}
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(resp)
}

type InputData struct {
    Name string `json:"name"`
}

func dataHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    if r.Method != "POST" {
        http.Error(w, "Only POST allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
        return
    }

    var input InputData
    err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&input)
    if err != nil {
        http.Error(w, "Invalid JSON", http.StatusBadRequest)
        return
    }

    response := map[string]string{
        "received": "Hello, " + input.Name,
    }
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
    json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(response)
}

curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/data \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"name": "Alice"}'