Golang微服务监控健康检查实现方法

func healthHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    // 检查数据库、缓存、外部依赖等
    if err := db.Ping(); err != nil {
        http.Error(w, "Database unreachable", http.StatusServiceUnavailable)
        return
    }
    // 可添加更多检查项
    w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
    w.Write([]byte("OK"))
}

// 注册路由
http.HandleFunc("/healthz", healthHandler)
http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)

import (
    "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
    "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promhttp"
)

var (
    httpRequestsTotal = prometheus.NewCounterVec(
        prometheus.CounterOpts{
            Name: "http_requests_total",
            Help: "Total number of HTTP requests.",
        },
        []string{"method", "endpoint", "status"},
    )
)

func init() {
    prometheus.MustRegister(httpRequestsTotal)
}

// 在处理函数中记录指标
func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    defer func() {
        status := http.StatusOK
        httpRequestsTotal.WithLabelValues(r.Method, r.URL.Path, fmt.Sprintf("%d", status)).Inc()
    }()
    // 业务逻辑
}

http.Handle("/metrics", promhttp.Handler())

import (
    "go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
    "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc"
    "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/trace"
)

func setupOTel() (*trace.TracerProvider, error) {
    ctx := context.Background()
    client := otlptracegrpc.NewClient()
    exporter, err := otlptrace.New(ctx, client)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }

    tp := trace.NewTracerProvider(
        trace.WithBatcher(exporter),
    )
    otel.SetTracerProvider(tp)
    return tp, nil
}

tracer := otel.Tracer("my-service")
_, span := tracer.Start(r.Context(), "handleRequest")
defer span.End()

// 处理请求...

livenessProbe:
  httpGet:
    path: /healthz
    port: 8080
  initialDelaySeconds: 30
  periodSeconds: 10

readinessProbe:
  httpGet:
    path: /ready
    port: 8080
  initialDelaySeconds: 5
  periodSeconds: 5